Tree canopy within 60m of every building — France

5 France cities. Each coloured unit is an individual building — red = bare, green = adequate shade. 30% canopy within 60m is the threshold for meaningful cooling.

Tree canopy: Google EIE ML tree classification (0.2m, 2020–2024) for 8 cities; Meta/WRI Global Canopy Height (1m, 2020, all vegetation, no height filter) for remainder. Assessed within 60m buffer of each building — the distance at which cooling remains significant (Ziter et al. 2019). Threshold: 30% canopy cover, the minimum linked to measurable cooling. Buildings: IGN BD TOPO (France), Overture Maps (others). Unpublished analysis by Dr Thami Croeser, June 2026.